What is the most common process method of refrigeration?

The most common process method of refrigeration is the vapor compression or mechanical system. This method operates based on the principles of the refrigeration cycle, which involves the compression of a refrigerant gas, its condensation into a liquid, expansion, and evaporation.

In this system, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the environment (such as a space being cooled) as it evaporates and subsequently releases heat outside the cooled space during the condensation process. Its widespread usage is due to its efficiency, reliability, and the ability to provide consistent cooling across various applications, from household refrigerators to large industrial cooling systems.

Other methods, such as absorption refrigeration and ammonia compression systems, are utilized in specific scenarios where their particular properties offer advantages, such as low electrical energy use or high-temperature applications. However, vapor compression remains the dominant technology in most everyday refrigeration systems.